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Ítem Propuesta para la implementación de sistemas urbanos de drenaje Sostenible (SUDS) y adecuación en la red de drenaje pluvial cercana al Colegio Federico García Lorca Sede B en el barrio Yomasa Segundo Sector en la localidad de Usme(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Rodríguez Murillo, Camila; Molano Ríos, Yeison Antonio; Ayala, Luis EfrénCurrently, water resources are crucial in the development of communities, within the objectives and goals of sustainable development, it is number 6. Which contemplates clean water and sanitation, from engineering the alternatives are identified to protect the water, and make the most of the resource, for this reason, this study is developed, to identify the various types of sustainable drainage systems (SUDS), and apply it in a real case where problems with rainwater systems are evidenced. This monograph is developed around the Federico García Lorca Headquarters B School, in the Yomasa second sector neighborhood, in the town of Usme, where problems in the storm sewer system on the periphery of the educational institution are evident, such as failures of the drainage system, lack of filtration, erosion of the structure of the platforms, accumulation of sediments and solid waste, damage to the rigid pavements, inside the school poor management and lack of foresight of architectural and civil problems since its conception, so the study of the existing sewerage system is carried out, analyzing the information and proposing an alternative, which allows correcting the shortcomings and improving the quality of life of the community of the Yomasa neighborhood. By implementing sustainable drainage systems, it not only contributes to the care and reduction of the pollutants present in the water, but also to reduce the impermeability of the hard areas that are in the cities, by having additional systems to the conventional ones, it helps to preserve them, mitigating the effects generated by rainfall peaks and improving the well-being of the community and to be able to provide quality education for the students of the school (TheCircularLab, 2023). According to the variables recognized in the study, a comprehensive proposal will be determined to provide a solution to current problems, by incorporating a subhead and positioning the drains to the existing storm sewer system, adaptations in the architecture and landscaping of the school, avoiding the accumulation of solid waste by the community, within the educational institution a system of channels and downspouts is proposed for the conduction of water from the roofs of the school buildings to the green areas, where the implementation of Aquacell systems is carried out, which allow water to be stored and an infiltration into the ground in a controlled way of both green areas and hard areas made with permeable concrete.Ítem Análisis cualitativo del impacto ambiental de un asfalto RAP y asfalto virgen a través de matriz de Leopold(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Cepeda Vargas, Angie; Trujillo Cortes, Laura Alejandra; Cuarán Cuarán, Zuleny Irene; Ayala Rojas, Luis EfrénThis article has done by the research group on Construction Materials and Sustainability (SEIMAS), which is based on the use of reclaimed pavement asphalt (RAP), where this asphalt recovery has become a sustainable and innovative technique. This study evaluates the characterization of reclaimed asphalt from a non-experimental qualitative component and the environmental impact analysis by means of Leopold's weighting evaluation matrix for virgin asphalt from the extraction, processing, transport and application, and reclaimed asphalt from its recovery, treatment, and use. The results of the characterization of the recovered asphalt indicate that rejuvenating agents should be added so that the material recovers its physical and mechanical properties. Additionally, with the qualitative evaluation and analysis, critical negative impact evaluations were obtained when processing and using virgin asphalt; as for the recovered asphalt, very important positive impact evaluations were obtained for the environment, so using this material for the generation of a new construction element such as conventional light traffic pavers is considered a sustainable and environmentally sustainable alternative. This research work presents valuable information on the use of reclaimed asphalt and the benefits it generates, promoting the conservation and care of natural resources.Ítem Proceso de captura de ocupaciones ilegales mediante el uso de técnicas de fotogrametría con dron en el sector de El Mirador del Paraíso de la localidad de Ciudad Bolívar en la ciudad de Bogotá.(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Mosquera Martinez, Santiago; Jurado Gordo, Diana Maria; Jurado Gordo, Diana MariaThe main objective of this research article is to propose a methodological adjustment in the process of vectorization of squatting identifiable in a drone orthophoto generated from a previous photogrammetric process, which allows obtaining a geographical coverage that represents the squatting or illegal infrastructures present in the territory, providing an index of squatting that facilitates the implementation of institutional plans or programs for the mitigation of this phenomenon in the district.Ítem Plan de mejora para el proceso de implementación de señalización horizontal en la localidad de Rafael Uribe Uribe(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Sánchez Reyes, Laura Valentina; Romero Alza, Miguel Alejandro; Silva Rojas, Ingrid Marylin; Díaz Martínez, Jorge AlbertoThe way in which a company is developed day by day for its correct operation and its effective management in each of its activities, are components of vital importance for the growth and future profitability of the company, that is why, more than evaluating the technical part of the different functions, such as documentation, contractual requirements, among others. It is essential to constantly review how their execution processes are used on site. The problem to be addressed in this document is thought for the company Gestión Vial Integral SAS, a company that was linked to the Universidad la Gran Colombia in the year 2023, in order to give the opportunity to its civil engineering students to obtain knowledge through the internship program. This is a company specialized in the signaling and road safety industry (G-Vial, 2019), during the last 10 years it has obtained more than 50 public tenders to road concessions, works in 121 cities in 32 departments and more than 4500 km of urban roads and demarcated roads. In the present document, as an academic project, the problems seen in the operational sector of the horizontal signaling, activity described in the theoretical framework of this document that details the specifications of this activity and the regulations applied, along with additional materials handled by the company. With the objective of offering the company a better development in the process of execution of the horizontal signaling on site, the pathologies that this presents after the realization and the shortcomings in execution are identified from a search of information where issues of applicability, use of materials and place of implementation are covered. Finally, a research methodology that leads us to meet the general and specific objectives of this project.Ítem Plan de manejo y aprovechamiento de los residuos de construcción y demolición en la construcción del colegio Techo I(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Bohórquez Villanueva, Olga Jimena; Lobo Quijano, Johana; Morales, MonicaConstruction and Demolition Waste (CDW) represents a significant environmental and economic challenge in the construction industry. The objective of this work is to propose a plan for the management and use of CDW at the Techo I School as a mitigation measure. For this purpose, first, the sources of generation and classification of CDW during the different stages of construction were identified; secondly, the alternatives for CDW management for large generators according to current regulations were considered; and finally, the CDW Management and Use Plan for the construction of Techo I School was elaborated. The development of the work allows us to conclude the importance of keeping an exhaustive record of the waste, including information on its final disposal. To this end, various alternatives for CDW management are implemented, such as classification and separation at source, the implementation of on-site material separation points and control of the volumes of CDW generated at the construction site. It is important to take into account the efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness of CDW at the construction site.Ítem Análisis de patología para el estado de integridad del sistema estructural del edificio Cudecom(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Chaparro Velandia, Oscar Estiben; García Becerra, Karen Yiseth; Pira Ruiz, Jenny Magaly; Pira Ruiz, Jenny MagalyThe world’s cultural heritage plays an important role in society, as it is a symbol of history and identity, which allows us to know the architectural traditions of ancient generations. However, many of them, being so old, tend to present pathologies in their materials that affect the structure in a timely manner. Therefore, it is important to preserve and protect the material and intangible assets that surround us, which allows cultural diversity among communities for the development of humanity. The methodology of this research was contemplated in studying a patrimonial property that is of great importance in Colombia, specifically in the city of Bogotá, which was the Cudecom building that was displaced 29 meters, an engineering achievement that achieved a Guinness record for 30 years. But in addition, the process of displacement also brought with it damages and injuries throughout the structure, which could have evolved by the type of pathology and natural phenomena that have been presented over the years. Based on the above, the case was studied and emphasis was placed on making a study of the damages that may have been generated. For this purpose, we worked on this project with the main objective of developing a pathology study of the Cudecom building, identifying and reviewing the damage present in the structure, in order to know the structural state. Therefore, a series of clear objectives were set for the development of the project, such as: To collect information regarding the pathologies that occur in a building. Once collected, it was organized in inspection sheets, which allowed identifying and classifying the damage and injuries present in the Cudecom building in a clearer and more detailed way during the visits. After organizing the information collected from the damages and injuries, the most important pathologies were reviewed and a range of magnitude of the damage was established. This revealed the number of minor, moderate and serious injuries. Based on the above, a qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of pathologies was established. And it was concluded that the structure requires a preventive maintenance intervention, since the injuries found do not generate a serious danger for the building.However, they must be addressed periodically to avoid the evolution of pathologies and generate significant damage in the structure. For these maintenance, possible solutions were established based on manuals for reinforcement and repair of minor and moderate injuries and damage. In addition, a vulnerability study of the structure is recommended, as indicated by the NSR-10 in chapter A.10, so the building being old was not governed by current regulations.Ítem Mejoramiento de la señalización vial en ciclorrutas con el uso de la tecnología fotoluminiscente(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) García Torres, Luis Eduardo; Cabieles Salazar, David Camilo; Cuaran Cuaran, Zuleny IreneThe purpose of the research was to find a way to improve the visibility of bicycle paths through the use of photoluminescent technology. We started with a normative review of photoluminescent technology, then selected a photoluminescent material that would be the most suitable for implementation in bike lanes depending on its affordability and visually evaluated its performance in asphalt and hydraulic concrete specimens. Twelve samples were used in total, six asphalt concrete specimens and six hydraulic concrete specimens. When reviewing the Colombian standard, there is no specification for photoluminescent materials applied in road signs and after a review in the different countries where this technology has been used, no specification was found either, since this technology is relatively new and its objective has been artistic applications in many cases. Of the available materials found in the local market, photoluminescent epoxy paint was chosen because it is intended for use on floors. The results indicate that by visual inspection the paint works best on a white surface as traditional paint for road marking and demarcation and when applied without any layer underneath it does not reflect the expected luminescence, in this case the traditional paint used for traffic demarcation and it is defined that this paint does not work mixed because it loses its luminescence. The results of luminescence time indicate that with an exposure of three hours for the recharge of the material is enough to last at least eight hours, according to the test performed in the soil laboratory of the Engineering Faculty of the Universidad La Gran Colombia.Ítem Análisis descriptivo del proceso constructivo en la construcción de las vías calle 57a bis sur, carrera 81d y calle 57b sur en el barrio Gran Britalia.(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Rivera Ochoa, Edwin Fernando; Silva Rojas, Ingrid Marylin; Ayala, Luis EfrénThe central focus of this monograph is to conduct a detailed analysis of the construction process implemented in Calle 57A Bis Sur, Carrera 81D and Calle 57B Sur, located in the Gran Britalia neighborhood. Each stage of the construction process is thoroughly examined, from the initial planning phase to the practical execution in the field, with the objective of obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics and challenges inherent to the construction of these road infrastructures. Special attention is given to the time planning of the project, prioritizing the efficient management of execution times. Likewise, the technical specifications applied are analyzed in detail, focusing especially on the regulations established by the Urban Development Institute (IDU) and the National Roads Institute (INVIAS). This analysis includes soil tests and the evaluation of the characteristics of the existing soils, with the purpose of diagnosing possible improvements in the existing granulometries or determining the need for new structures or improvements.Ítem Preservación de la Información de Diseño Estructural En el Edificio CUDECOM en la calle 19 con av. Caracas, Bogotá, Colombia, 2023 2° Semestre(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Florián Forero, Sergio Ricardo; Rojas Cucunuba, Camilo Andrés; Caro Pallares, Miguel Antonio; Morales Corredor, MónicaThe use of BIM methodology is proposed to evaluate the most representative architectural changes of the CUDECOM heritage building located on 19th Street and Caracas Avenue, from its displacement to the present. By means of the modeling carried out in Revit 3D software, the derivation between 1975 and 2023, the different changes were addressed through a detailed analysis of the order of distribution of the internal areas, using the findings found in technical visits developed in the building. Likewise, the work carried out in the research internship is integrated as a fundamental basis for this project. In that sense, the modeling in both times of the building works as a useful method for the preservation of heritage in search of structural safety and evaluation of physical integrity, providing an important tool to clarify this new work strategy that allows documenting the state of the building over time and additionally better understanding its historical context. Finally, a versatile model was provided for analysis and simulation in academic disciplines related to Civil Engineering.Ítem Recopilación y generación de documentación BIM a partir de levantamiento de información con LiDAR terrestre(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Gonzalez Puentes, Alvaro; Jurado Gordo, Diana MaríaThe objective of this degree work is the generation of building information modeling (BIM) documentation of road assets in the city of Bogotá, the PIX4D catch mobile application is used from a second generation iPad to obtain a point cloud and thus generate an exact three-dimensional model in conjunction with an external photogrammetric information survey work. Subsequently, the formats of the point clouds in Global Mapper must be adjusted, information must be created in Civil3D and Navisworks to generate interoperability between various engineering softwares and thus take advantage of them to make BIM documentation in Revit, in addition the project seeks to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of a terrestrial information survey with this Light Detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology with respect to an information survey with a cane of kinematic positioning technology real-time (RTK) functional with the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).Ítem Desarrollo de la programación de obra del proyecto porta 87 a partir de la aplicación Del software de Microsoft Project(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Franco Rivera, Nicolas; Cifuentes Ospina, Nancy; Cifuentes Ospina, NancyPorta 87 is a project that began in 2019, consisting of an 8-story residential building, 27 apartments in total, with an approximate area of 3,791 square meters, located in the exclusive Los Rosales neighborhood and classified as stratum 6, led mainly by the construction company Aprixconstructions, although the project was developed successfully in its entirety, there was an important aspect from which its execution could be optimized, and that was the programming and monitoring, since this is carried out in the vast majority in an analogous way, if The development of the civil works could well be completed, it is estimated that having used technological tools would bring significant benefits, this is how it was proposed to develop the programming with Microsoft Project, which is a program developed exclusively to carry out the programming and monitoring of almost any project. . , and thus be able to carry out an analysis of the opportunities for improvement that were generated from programming in an analogous manner compared to the Software in question. In the first instance, the programming carried out was reviewed to extract important information such as the activities carried out and the resources used, as well as the monitoring carried out on the project. All pertinent data were consecutively entered into Microsoft Project with the proper organization to that the software can provide the necessary results and reports, and finally a comparison is made between the two ways of programming, where the advantages and disadvantages of the technological tool are highlighted.Ítem Diseño de mezclas para un concreto de alta resistencia(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Castellanos Rodríguez, Angie Yulieth; Gavilanes, José Dario; Gavilanes, José DaríoThe continuous use of construction materials generates high exploitation and reduction of resources, which forces generations to find solutions that solve the shortages caused by To exceed the limits. This paper describes an exploratory – experimental research, which consists of carrying out a concrete mix design where, first of all, its resistance are greater than those generally used and second, this design is carried out without the need of equipment with high capacities, since the tests are carried out from the Laboratory of the University of La Gran Colombia Faculty of Engineering Bogotá; in order that these results can be used to a wide range of structures (simple and complex), and giving way to the possible decrease in the use of raw materials for construction, since having greater resistance, designs could be generated with smaller construction area.Ítem Identificación de indicadores de riesgo de contaminación de agua provenientes de fuentes superficiales de los sistemas Río Frío y Neusa, ubicados en el departamento de Cundinamarca(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Veloza Guanumen, Nicolas Esteban; Ostos Guzmán, Jean Carlos; Fetiva Alvarez, Harold Stevan,; Borda Prada, Olga Lucia; Di Franco, leonardoThe following are the results of a study evaluating contamination risk indicators in water samples from a major supply network located in the department of Cundinamarca. This work constitutes a significant contribution to ongoing research being conducted by the Faculty of Engineering at Universidad La Gran Colombia, which aims to evaluate traces of agrochemicals that could affect the mentioned network through runoff. Initially, a characterization of the area was performed, including an assessment of the Water Quality Risk Index between the years 2019, within the framework of Resolution 2115. Subsequently, the network's intake points were located, and using the free software QGIS, certain areas were revealed, enabling the delineation of watersheds and the identification of areas based on attributes such as water, trees, crops, urban areas, grass, and others. Based on the results, vulnerable zones for contamination due to land use were identified, and sampling points for quantitative risk evaluation were established.Ítem Análisis de Amenazas y Vulnerabilidad ante Inundaciones y Eventos Geológicos: Sector San Luis Altos del Cabo, km 5 vía a la Calera.(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Agudelo Ramirez, Laura Valeria; Gaviria Triana, Nicolas David; Reina Valdes, Jhoan Sebastian; Ayala Rojas, Luis EfrenThe hazard and vulnerability analysis in the San Luis Altos del Cabo sector, km 5 via La Calera, focuses on identifying the hydrometeorological risks affecting the area, which is characterized by its mountainous topography and proximity to bodies of water. The main threats include overflows caused by heavy rains and river flooding, exacerbated by the local geography and soil properties. The hydrological and geotechnical study is crucial to assess these risks, considering the interaction between geographical features, water behavior and soil stability. In addition, community participation is vital for the effective implementation of mitigation measures and risk management.Ítem Análisis de parámetros para la estructura de un pavimento con piedra laja en una vía urbana de bajo transito en el municipio de Guatavita Cundinamarca(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2023) Salinas Prieto, Paula Geraldine; Peña González, Jorge Enrique; Padilla, Edgar Alexander; Zambrano, Harol Leon; Gavilanes, José DaríoGuatavita is known for its scenic beauty and its great historical value, where the preservation of its natural environment and cultural heritage is a priority for residents and local authorities, thus, with the paving of the streets we want to contribute to preserving this beauty. Therefore, the choice of flagstone as a paving material is a conscious decision that harmonizes with the environment and promotes environmental sustainability. Flagstone is an abundant and durable local resource that is perfectly suited to the paving needs in Guatavita. The implementation of a new type of paving with flagstone in an urban area with low traffic in the municipality of Guatavita Cundinamarca, represents an innovative project with significant and effective benefits since its resistance is sufficient to withstand light traffic without problems. This contributes to road safety and the well-being of residents by providing a smoother and safer road. This project seeks to improve the quality of urban roads by using flagstone as the main material for paving. The choice of flagstone is based on its properties such as durability and resistance, which guarantees a longer useful life of the streets and a reduction in construction and maintenance costs in the long term with a rolling surface on this type of pavement can provide a unique and attractive aesthetic appearance that enhances the beauty of the urban environment.Ítem Mejoramiento del camino entre las veredas Yarinal y San Fernando del municipio de San Miguel, departamento del Putumayo(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Vitery Cabrera, Luis Fernando; Ocampo Ferrer, Eduardo; Ospina Cifuentes, Nancy; Enriques Torres, WilsonIn the Colombian context, there is a pressing need to optimize rural roads for the socioeconomic development of communities located in remote areas. The Yarinal village, located in the municipality of San Miguel, department of Putumayo, experiences the contradiction of being surrounded by a majestic natural environment while being constrained by a deteriorated road infrastructure, substantially limiting vehicular and pedestrian traffic, as well as the daily and economic activities of its residents. In response to this reality, an improvement plan is formulated for the road linking the Yarinal and San Fernando villages, based on a descriptive methodology that includes documentary, field and action research. The documentary research establishes the context by analyzing historical conditions and related road proposals. The field research acquires relevance by characterizing the population and carrying out a geographic evaluation of the road, considering the relevant topographic and geological conditions. The action phase, the focal point of the project, comprises the selection of the most suitable road proposal and the preparation of a detailed plan. The choice of the proposal is based on a comprehensive analysis that considers the geographic complexity and specific needs of the community, while the action plan is precisely configured for the actual implementation of the project.Ítem Análisis del diseño de una mezcla asfáltica en caliente adicionada con grano caucho reciclado (GCR) y RAP (reclaimed asphalt pavement)(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Moreno Soler, Juan Camilo; Amorocho, Esteban; Moreno Basto, Juan Harley; Zambrano, Harol; Cala, LauraHot mix asphalt has become a preferred option for road paving due to its durability and wear resistance. However, as environmental awareness increases and efforts seek to reduce the consumption of natural resources, new alternatives emerge that promote sustainability and the reuse of materials. The research focuses on the design of a hot mix asphalt using rubber grain (recycled rubber from out-of-use tires) and RAP (Recycled Asphalt Pavement). The main objective is to evaluate the design of a hot asphalt mix made with asphalt added with Rubber Grain (GCR) and RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) with different granulometry by the MARSHALL method. The methodology used focuses on a design for hot mix asphalt with rubber grain and RAP under an experimental investigation, allowing laboratory tests and analyzes to evaluate the properties and performance of the mixture. (Garnica P; Delgado H, et al, 2004). It is an applied research of a quantitative nature. The results show that the modified asphalt mixture meets established criteria in several key aspects and, in many cases, exceeds those standards, indicating a high-quality product with significant improvements in strength, durability, and fatigue and work resistance. In general, we see that the modified asphalt mixture meets the parameters of the INVE-748 standard above.Ítem Propuesta de mejoramiento para accesibilidad de peatones y bici-usuarios campus La Santa María Universidad La Gran Colombia(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Fierro Sáenz, Diego Alejandro; Briceño Camacho, Maicol; Silva Rojas, Ingrid Marylin; Neira Moreno, Ana RocióTaking into account the lack of pedestrian paths and a lane for bicycle users on the Santa María campus of the Universidad la Gran Colombia, located in the Yerbabuena village, municipality of Chía, department of Cundinamarca. The main objective is the implementation of a bicycle lane and a pedestrian platform on the existing road. This approach responds to the need to have alternative means of transportation within the extensive university campus, since having this type of means allows generating benefits for the environment, since they reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, It also allows an adequate development of activities, generating a sports culture, since when exercising, whether cycling or walking, a habit of good health and personal care is generated. This work will be based on plans provided by the civil engineering faculty and previous soil studies carried out by the Universidad La Gran Colombia. The design will follow the specifications of the INVIAS 2022 Manual, which will allow obtaining characteristics and details that a flexible pavement (asphalt) must have, and the Bogotá platform booklet, guaranteeing the safety and efficiency of the bicycle lane and the pedestrian platform. The implementation of this project seeks to facilitate mobilization to areas of interest, such as sidewalks, farms, shopping centers and events with great citizen participation, thus promoting efficient and environmentally friendly transportation.Ítem Evaluación técnica del sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable en el municipio de Ubaque Cundinamarca, para el mejoramiento del suministro en la cabecera municipal(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Mora Sabogal, Aldemar; Parra Ramirez, Diana StefanyThe objective of this research is to carry out a technical exam of the drinking water supply system in the urban area of the municipality of Ubaque Cundinamarca, to identify the deficiencies of the water collection system, make the necessary calculations and make a design proposal according to Resolution 0330 of 2017, and taking into account relevant authors in the design of aqueducts and sewers such as López Cualla (2007), with the intention of responding to the technical reforms demanded by the current water collection system, and promoting an improvement in the maintenance conditions of the water collection system, and ensure a constant and quality drinking water supply; that increases the current quality of life of the population, and that is in favorable conditions for population and commercial growth that will come over the years.Ítem Comparativo técnico y presupuestal de los principales componentes de los sistemas de protección contra incendio tradicional y hi – fog(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2024) Villalobos Buitrago, Nicol Vanessa; Ocampo, EduardoThis article aims to carry out a technical and budgetary comparative analysis between conventional fire protection systems and the new Hi-Fog technology (High-pressure Water Mist Fire Protection System) based on the current situation in Colombia regarding the response to a fire incident. The main components for both systems are identified and described, as well as the level of risk that infrastructures have according to NFPA regulations (National Fire Protection Association). The construction of the science building at Universidad Javeriana serves as a case study to identify the main reasons for implementing a more expensive system when protecting an environment.