Historiografía y enseñanza del Conflicto Armado colombiano en los textos escolares producidos entre 2004 al 2017

Abstract

The main objective of the present research work is to analyze teaching Colombian Armed Conflict at school through school texts. This analysis is made with the intention of contrasting the contributions that school texts have made with the conflict historiography the academy had written, precisely with the last report handed over by “la Comisión Histórica del Conflicto y sus Víctimas” named “Contribución al entendimiento del conflicto armado en Colombia.” Due to there is much information written about the conflict historiography, this work has been delimited with this public research, considering that in this there are expressed theoretical contributions that had studied Colombian Armed conflict in order to show if there is existence of convergence points and/or divergence to teach this topic in classrooms. There had been chosen 19 school texts from six editorials, four of them from Colombia: “Educar Editores”, “Libros y Libros”, “Norma” and “Voluntad”, two from Spain: “Ediciones SM” and “Santillana” all of them produced from 2.004 (when basic standars for social sciences were given by Ministerio de Educación Nacional) to 2017, a year after the Peace agreements were signed between Juan Manuel Santos Government and “la guerrilla de las FARC”. According to the explanations in school texts about the origins of the conflict, it had been showed there are not so far from the historiography that the academy had produced; however the treatment given to this topic has been a bit swift. When looking into the historic narrative with which is pretended to be teach the history of the armed conflict to students, school texts’ contents are too short and are lack of historiographic analysis to explain this structural problem, is part of the analysis of school texts to teach conflict in school, based on the contributions of some specialists in the topic. The research classified 19 school texts from six publishers, four of them of Colombian origin: Educar Editores, Libros y Libros Norma y Voluntad, and two from Spain, Ediciones SM y Santillana. The school texts were chosen during the year 2004, same year that published the standards in Basic Competencies for Social Sciences for the Ministry of National Education, and the classification was delimited until 2017, one year after of the signing of the agreements of peace between the government of Juan Manuel Santos and the guerrilla of the FARC, this with the objective of being able to show if this historical fact, influence in the production of school texts to teach conflict as an important educational topic. The explanations made by the school texts about the origins of the conflict, show us that they are not far from the historiography that has produced the academy, but the treatment that has been given to this topic is a bit light. At the time of research, the historical narrative with that pretend to teach the students the history of armed conflict, the school contents in the books stay short and lack historiographic analysis explaining this structural problem.