Tecnología en Construcciones Arquitectónicas

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https://hdl.handle.net/11396/3299

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Manual de medidas complementarias a la norma resolución 1409
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2018) Acosta Lugo, Ivan Felipe; Galvez Bohorquez, Melisa
Work at heights is notable for being a high-risk activity, which must be controlled by a series of safety regulations that highlight potential factors for the prevention of accidents in the execution of this task. For this, make known the complementary measures that will help us to control this excessive accident rate that occur in buildings. With which it seeks to reduce operating costs through the use of materials or objects present in the work that allow in this way to face and be better prepared for any incident that occurs, prevailing at all times as stipulated in Resolution 1409 of 2012 taking into account factors such as resistance, color ranges for easy perception of danger signals, signaling, among others. By means of this investigation the importance and the fulfillment of the norms on work in heights in the construction will be analyzed, specifically in the resolution previously mentioned, in the same way the effectiveness of the security protocols that are handled will be evaluated in the construction companies to reduce the death rate in the country, taking into account that construction occupies the first places; in addition to assess the consequences of non-compliance with these regulations, generating legal and economic repercussions for placing the lives of workers or people involved in it.
Desarrollo de paneles con tallos de café como solución de autoconstrucción para el mejoramiento de vivienda en la vereda San Rafael municipio de Aranzazu
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2021) Suárez Duque, Danna Valeria; Ruiz Hernández, José Alcides
This project is carried out from consequences such as lack of material supplies in the coffee axis, more specifically the municipalities of Aránzazu and Philadelphia, to this are added the construction deficiencies, the misuse of their materials and the current housing conditions. Because the coffee area is designed a primer for the construction of a panel made with the stems of Arabica coffea and implemented to the community for the elaboration of dividing walls.
Prototipo de domo geodésico construido en guadua orientado al glamping
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2021) Beltrán Aguirre, Franduarz Jhoel; Alarcón, Jeysson Alexander; Alcides Ruiz, José
It is proposed to design a prototype in the form of a geodesic icosahedron, which is intended to be used as accommodation in the Glamping, which allows you to use its interior area to carry out various activities, taking advantage of its design and characteristics. The constructive design of the components that make up the structure will be elaborated from affected elements within the dome industry, the selection of suitable materials for its construction and the analysis of forces and efforts from various sources to consider. The proposed structure must satisfactorily meet the requirements established in the Glamping industry. In addition, the prototype will be built from guadua (Angustifolia 'Kunth'), which is a renewable material, with extraordinary physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics. This type of structure represents a great contribution to current ecological thinking, as it is a proposal that allows the structure to be used as a determined habitable space with materials available in our nature, by means of sketchup software, a 3D modeling and the respective planimetry will be carried out planimetry to generate a construction sheet of the prototype geodesic dome in guadua simulating its operation in real use. The use of solar panels that provide electricity without the need to be connected to the electrical grid through the Off-grid system will be implemented, and it is clean energy that is easily accessible, in addition to having the benefits of the law that exclude the purchase of this equipment from the VAT, a special reduction of income tax, exemption from customs duties. In addition to this, Junco will be implemented as a material for the cover since, in addition to being a completely sustainable material, it is long-lasting and waterproof, which makes it the ideal material for our purpose of using environmentally friendly and quality materials.
Prototipo de rejilla para recolector de aguas lluvias collecting Grid
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2020) Monsalve Cuevas, Camilo Andres; Olarte Guillen, Jean Pool; Alcides Ruiz, Jose; Alcides Ruiz, Jose
This project proposes the incorporation of a grid to prevent the waste generated by the inhabitants of the city of Bogotá and which in turn is transported by the waters that pass through precipitation, from continuing to affect the entry and circulation of the waters within the drains of the city of Bogotá, also combating the other effects caused by this problem by publicizing the benefits that the grid provides in terms of environmental impact, what effects these wastes bring to society, illustrating why it’s so important to prevent garbage from continuing to plug sinks, and demonstrating the efficiency of using this new product in the four localities most affected by this phenomenon, according to the studies that will be presented in this document.
Recomendaciones técnicas para la formaleteria en madera empleada en la construcción de placas de entrepisos y alternativas de uso, caso de estudio cra 12 # 10-19 barrio San Victorino
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2019) Bernal Morales, Jonathan; Niño Corredor, Ginna; Barreto Castillo, Walter Mauricio
Within the technical processes for the construction of mezzanine plates, different parameters are established in terms of materials, tools and techniques to carry out the fulfillment of each construction activity, where it is necessary to take into account the planning and order of the processes. that avoid waste, residues and bad techniques, from there the case study was carried out for the work located in San Victorino Bogotá from which it was established that the waste generated in said work in relation to wood came from bad formwork techniques. , stripping and maintenance, in this way a matrix of recommendations is made for the wooden formwork where an alternative is established as a raw material from the possible residues to be implemented in other uses or support in the construction of new elements, after validation. of the result in the Boyacá real neighborhood October 12 of the city of Bogotá, from there it is concluded in a foot Graphic support that indicates the recommendations and recovery of wood as a resulting formwork in construction activities.
Organización Centralizada y Radial. Cinco ejemplos de aplicación en la Arquitectura Moderna
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2021) Cubillos Gutiérrez, Paula Andrea; Latorre Chacón, Omar David; Carvajal Ronderos, Edgard Mauricio
This research work analyzes the relationship between the organization of space and architectural design. For this purpose, two cases of analysis are presented: in the first, the influence of the centralized organization in the buildings Hotel Grand Hyatt, Ciudadela Colsubsidio (these located in Bogotá), and the College of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of Sao Paulo (Brazil); since each of these copies, responds in a different way to its centralizing element. In the second case, the influence on the Executive Square (Mexico) and the main building of UNESCO (France), exercised by the radio organization, will also be studied. In both case analyzes, the study work carried out by the designers of each building to achieve said organizations will be shown. Finally, the benefits and possible disadvantages presented in these designs will be detailed based on the spatial analysis carried out.
Desarrollo técnico, constructivo de los equipamientos comunales para la comunidad indígena Amoyá- La Virginia-Tolima
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2022) Noy Hernández, Maicol; Suarez Hurtado, Juan David; Gálvez Bohórquez, Melisa
In this investigation entitled Technical-constructive details of the Bohío and multipurpose center for the Amoyá indigenous community, the thesis Multipurpose Center for the Amoyá indigenous community (Graduate work) University la Gran Colombia, Bogotá was analyzed. Vargas, K., Puente, D., Moncada, J., & Vargas, E. (2019). It was approached in order to complement the design stage, which took into account the social, cultural and ancestral context for its architectural proposal, and then understand the way in which they carry out a construction project, the elements and materials. It is important to improve the buildings in the Pijao community to avoid future complicated interventions and change of elements and structure. Taking into account the above, the development of this project was carried out, resuming the academic work from its design phase, giving continuity in the construction phase, technical plans, construction details and necessary information for an adequate execution. that could be acquired by a documentary methodology in its first phase and a constructive design methodology in a second phase, concluding in a simple guide material for the community.
Mejoramiento de refuerzo para viviendas construidas en adobe incorporando fibras de plátano
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2021) Conde Ovalle, Pablo Alejandro; Pacifico Gnecco, Umberto
This research work is done on the basis of the vulnerability that have existing buildings in adobe to the different efforts that may have at the time of an earthquake, since by its material composition and the form of the vernacular is constructed becomes a rigid system and fragile that makes it resistant to efforts to traction and cutting forces, obtaining in this way loss of life and materials. Taking into account the above as a basis it is proposed a strengthening of the adobe walls with banana fiber treated against moisture and make it more durable, using an anchoring system with readily available materials and low-cost, it is important to note that this is an alternative for builders, architects, restorers or ordinary people who have access to crop residues of plantain to extract the fiber and can be used to strengthen the walls of the houses built in adobe.
Manual para supervisión técnica independiente en proyectos edificatorios en estructuras de concreto
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2021) Munar Acevedo, Edilberto; Cuesto Rico, Daniel Felipe; Ruiz Hernández, José Alcides; Castillo Velásquez, Julián Arturo
What we want to show with this Manual of independent technical supervision is everything that must be taken into account to develop tools that guide technical supervisory professionals in Colombia, to identify the current regulations, Therefore, we have collected information about the most common errors that are not taken into account when executing the review of building projects. Here we will show all the points that must be taken into account as which are the instruments that a technical supervisor must have when being in a work, which documents must have to carry out a good superficial foundation or deep foundation. What aspects are important, what requirements should have concrete, steel, mooring, what machinery, what instruments or tools should be used, everything necessary to have an excellent technical supervision according to the I NSR-10.
Aplicación del plástico reciclado PET y PEAD en una estructura modular para el mejoramiento de las condiciones laborales de los vendedores informales en el municipio de Sibaté Cundinamarca
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2021) Ayala Estepa, Ester Adriana; Párraga Rodríguez, Cristian David; Ruiz Hernández, José Alcides; Ruiz Hernández, José Alcides
In this project, a prototype of a modular structure is proposed that seeks to supply the need for spaces for the sale of products of informal vendors and vendors participating in peasant markets that are held one Sunday a month, generating a workspace for those who they want to offer their agricultural products and so on. Currently the plastics industries generate and commercialize plastic very quickly, single-use elements that are quickly discarded, therefore these industries generate a significant environmental impact, these products have durability characteristics so that their decomposition It may take several years, a clear example of these products are the bottles of sugary drinks in general, in this project we use this element to generate a structural module of recycled plastic PET [Polyethylene Terephthalate] as an improvement of the workspaces for the vendors from the municipality of Sibaté.
Prototipo de Domo geodésico construido en guadua orientado al glamping
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2020) Beltrán Aguirre, Franduarz Jhoel; Alarcón, Jeysson Alexander; Alcides Ruiz, José
It is proposed to design a prototype in the form of a geodesic icosahedron, which is intended to be used as accommodation in the Glamping, which allows you to use its interior area to carry out various activities, taking advantage of its design and characteristics. The constructive design of the components that make up the structure will be elaborated from affected elements within the dome industry, the selection of suitable materials for its construction and the analysis of forces and efforts from various sources to consider. The proposed structure must satisfactorily meet the requirements established in the Glamping industry. In addition, the prototype will be built from guadua (Angustifolia 'Kunth'), which is a renewable material, with extraordinary physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics. This type of structure represents a great contribution to current ecological thinking, as it is a proposal that allows the structure to be used as a determined habitable space with materials available in our nature, by means of sketchup software, a 3D modeling and the respective planimetry will be carried out planimetry to generate a construction sheet of the prototype geodesic dome in guadua simulating its operation in real use. The use of solar panels that provide electricity without the need to be connected to the electrical grid through the Off-grid system will be implemented, and it is clean energy that is easily accessible, in addition to having the benefits of the law that exclude the purchase of this equipment from the VAT, a special reduction of income tax, exemption from customs duties. In addition to this, Junco will be implemented as a material for the cover since, in addition to being a completely sustainable material, it is long-lasting and waterproof, which makes it the ideal material for our purpose of using environmentally friendly and quality materials.
LADRILLO WASTE
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2019) Vargas Duque, Aleida Tatiana; Carvajal, Edgar
The dividing walls are walls that only have the function of dividing spaces without supporting structural loads of the building, which is why they can be done in light or more organic materials that allow a low rate of contamination because currently brick is one of the most used elements in the construction; but its production emits 270 Grams of CO2 also requires almost 2 liters of water and 3 mega Jules of energy and every time they go through the oven with its use 1,200 logs of wood are used. Therefore, it is necessary to look for other types of materials that allow a masonry to be carried out which fulfills the same function of dividing spaces, which has insulating properties and other qualities such as aesthetics, for this, materials such as bone ash and will be used. and what kind of waste provide multiple environmental benefits, what is expected to be obtained as a final product is a prototype of the mampuesto where the thickness can be observed, determine its finish, determine the qualities it has as acoustic, insulating, thermal, among others. Which allows us to define how favorable it is to use another type of material, for dividing walls. Keywords. Mampuesto, insulating
Urea como aditivo en el proceso de curado del concreto
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2020) Moreno Poveda, Julie Alejandra; Valiente Boyacá, Gratiniano; Ruiz, José Alcides; Ahumada, Luz
The purpose of this work is to compare the curing of concrete under the modalities used against us against a curing to which urea (CH₄N₂O) has been added, this with the purpose of optimizing and facilitating said process that generally requires special attention on the part of the operational resource and in many cases also the purchase of some additives or additional elements, which can be considerably more expensive than what is being proposed here. Applying Urea to concrete has already been the subject of study in different parts of the world, but here a different method will be proposed to group these elements, directing it to a process of curing concrete that is easier methodologically speaking and possibly more economical.
Prevención de la degradación de la guadua Angustifolia Kunth en un sistema constructivo aporticado: Desarrollo de una herramienta gráfica para la protección por diseño
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2020) Goyeneche Montenegro, Julian Ricardo; Castro Reyes, Nicolas; Gálvez Bohórquez, Melisa; Patiño León, Liliana
The natural source material Guadua Angustifolia Kunth, from the bamboo family, has been used for the construction of houses, furniture, utensils, decoration, among others, and that throughout history has been effective when it comes to its use, however, this material presents difficulties in its physical, chemical and mechanical composition when it is exposed to different negative factors both pathological and its incorrect use in the case corresponding. When the material is used incorrectly in the processes of cultivation, cutting, drying, preservation, storage and construction, the quality of life of the houses will be reduced and to avoid this must be taken into account the protection by design at the time of the construction of the same, despite this, the knowledge of the protection by design in a specific or general case goes unnoticed. For this reason the consolidation of this research work consists of the realization of a graphic and didactic tool that helps to evidence the different processes of correct and incorrect use when building a house of a height level in Guadua Angustifolia Kunth.
Plan de estudio para la gestión y seguridad en excavaciones para cimentaciones profundas
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2018) Romero Méndez, Laura Giselle; Duarte Samacá, Gina Paola; Bohórquez Gálvez, Melisa
In the present monograph a study of a case is made to the safety in the work in the ditches and the excavations of great depth, which according to analysis and visual, written and comparative research in the work was able to find the critical point in the excavation stage and the most risky process or lack of attention at the time of placing some type of support system. To carry out this research, three works will be studied that present the most risky characteristics when executing an excavation, this is done in order to be more effective preventive measures already existing in the standards and that can be reduced and to prevent the accident rates that currently tend to be constant.
Mezcla de componentes orgánicos y tierra para acabados finales de vis
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2020) Pineda Escobar, Diego Orlando; Bastidas, Christian Andres; Carvajal Ronderos, Edgard Mauricio
This is an exploratory research project, which seeks to be the start of a set of proposals related to the embellishment of architectural finishes, exposing different types of mixtures based on earth, natural components and ecological construction techniques, such as the finish in Earth globally known as Japanese Plastering which was based in Japan and seeks to use earth as the main interior finishing material.In Colombia, a large part of the families that receive low-income housing do not have the resources to acquire final finishes and these projects are delivered in black work, the proposal seeks to be an option for these families searching for reducing costs in finishes but offering comfort, using the earth as the main material and taking the finishes referring to the level of being used in all the different types of finishes for a house, interior and exterior plaster. Ceiling and floor earth-based finishes, also taking care of the tests were carried out resistance to fire and immersion to reach the proportion of soil types and organic materials.
Análisis de proceso constructivo de torres de comunicación y normas técnicas
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2020) Garzón Gómez, Nikolas Santiago; Ramírez Castuza, Anna Gabriela
This projects´ mission is to demonstrate the importance of telecommunications (ICT) and its history in Colombia from the construction area in the connectivity service and access to global information and the impact generated by its development in a society by accessing computer science tools in order to facilitate issues of education, work and / or social participation. For this, the most important factors will be indicated by carrying out a proposal that will contain a synopsis, illustrating in a concise way the work to be developed, and graphically providing greater knowledge about the collection of information obtained, based on the regulations of the Ministry of Telecommunications. Different theses and several technical and truthful references on this topic Likewise, its different national and international associations that interfere and contribute to its construction, relying on the TICregulations for the design and structure , such as municipal and departmental regulatory barriers with the purpose of their placement and deployment taking into account a specific type of towers communication, through clear and precise objectives, which will be presented in the text in order to support and create a technical manual in a more detailed and summarized way, with specific cutting and floor plans from its construction start-up. The structure and construction process respective for its installation on the ground and factors related to its programming, planning, general costs and the administrative and operational professionals that are needed, even health and radio frequency issues.
Diseño de la instalación de un módulo filtrante de aguas lluvias utilizando guadua, gravas, arenas y carbón activo en viviendas rurales de Cunday Tolima
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2020) Bautista Acosta, Esteban Felipe; Ramirez, Anna; Cárdenas, Jorge Armando
The scarcity of water in the world has led to find alternatives for the collection and conservation of this resource, so the use of rainwater allows greater access to water. In Cunday Tolima there is a problem regarding the availability of water during the dry season, therefore, the Government must supply these areas of water, still being insufficient for the needs of the entire population, in addition to this, it is found that this community does not store or carry out rainwater treatment, which maximizes the problems that trigger the scarcity of this natural resource. Due to the above, the author asks: How can a rainwater treatment system in rural areas be designed and implemented from local materials that allows its use for housing? and in this study it is proposed to design a filter built with guadua, gravels, sand, and activated coal for the use of rainwater in rural homes located in the rural area of Cunday, Tolima.
Paneles tipo sándwich a base de celulosa reciclada para fachadas
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2020) Garzon Bernal, Laura Daniela; Cuba Córdoba, Andres; Ramírez Cuastuza, Ana Gabriela
Uso de materiales alternativos para mejorar la resistencia del mortero de pega de mamposteria estructural (fibra de fique)
(Universidad La Gran Colombia, 2020) Guzman Beltran, Sergio Alejandro; Porras Gil, Maylon Stiven; Carvajal Ronderos, Edgard Mauricio
This research is an applied type, with a level of explanatory depth, since the data will only be collected at a given moment in the research "Adding natural fibers to the glue mortar in structural masonry" The purpose is to generate an alternative to increase the resistance of masonry mortars generating greater durability in formal constructions and in non-formal buildings that use materials that do not comply with NSR 10 and Colombian technical standards NTC. This mortar is articulated and specially adapted to block and brick walls, with a fiber resource from various rural regions of the country. The fiber of fique arises since its use is economic / technical, likewise the straw and coconut mat, seeking to achieve better results compared to the use of this raw material. Once arguing the proposal to use the different mixtures of additions in different proportions, several home tests are carried out determining their properties and reactions. These results are compared with the greatest benefit. Cubes of 5cm x 5cm are made with sheets of rh wood and the different mortar mixes are dosed 1: 3 with the different natural fibers, mortar mixed in situ and pre-mixed structural mortar. The test tubes are made and melted at home on March 30, 2020, obtaining 15 for each element with a total of 75 samples, stripping 24 hours later, submerging them in a container with water. 15 of the samples proceed to failure using a 5” manual press at different ages 1,3,7,28 days in order to determine their capacity and resistance over time. Once reaching the 28 days of drying, on April 27, 2020 the failure of the last specimens was proceeded, presenting a comparative table finding the proportion and optimal percentage of addition, the characteristics that improved and worsened in the mixtures. In this sense, based on the focus of having quality, sustainable and low-cost construction materials, there is a need to mix masonry mortars with fibers; in which the fiber of fique intervenes to increase its resistance and properties. Due to the fact that in Colombia 60% of the constructions use mortar mixed in situ with few technical specifications, generating greater deterioration and shear failure, this union of materials will be used, obtaining a greater or similar resistance to structural mortar.

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